ЦУР 15: СОХРАНЕНИЕ ЭКОСИСТЕМ СУШИ
Леса занимают 30 процентов поверхности Земли. Они не только обеспечивают продовольственную безопасность и убежище, но и играют ключевую роль в борьбе с изменением климата, помогают сохранить биологическое разнообразие и являются местом проживания коренных народов. Ежегодно мы теряем тринадцать миллионов гектаров лесов, а постоянная деградация земель в засушливых районах привела к опустыниванию территории площадью 3,6 миллиарда гектаров.
Обезлесение и опустынивание, вызванные деятельностью человека и изменением климата, представляют собой серьезное препятствие к достижению устойчивого развития и оказывают отрицательное воздействие на жизнь и средства к существованию миллионов людей, ведущих борьбу с нищетой. Принимаются меры для рационального управления лесным хозяйством и противодействия опустыниванию.
Факты и цифры
1,6
Около 1,6 миллиарда человек, в том числе представители более двух тысяч коренных народностей, добывают средства к существованию за счет леса.
80
В лесах обитает более 80 процентов наземных видов животных, растений и насекомых.
2,6
2,6 миллиарда человек напрямую зависят от сельского хозяйства, но при этом 52 процента земель сельскохозяйственного назначения умеренно или сильно страдают от деградации.
1,5
Деградация земель оказывает отрицательное воздействие на 1,5 миллиарда человек по всему миру.
- By 2020, ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services, in particular forests, wetlands, mountains and drylands, in line with obligations under international agreements
- By 2020, promote the implementation of sustainable management of all types of forests, halt deforestation, restore degraded forests and substantially increase afforestation and reforestation globally
- By 2030, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land degradation-neutral world
- By 2030, ensure the conservation of mountain ecosystems, including their biodiversity, in order to enhance their capacity to provide benefits that are essential for sustainable development
- Take urgent and significant action to reduce the degradation of natural habitats, halt the loss of biodiversity and, by 2020, protect and prevent the extinction of threatened species
- Promote fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and promote appropriate access to such resources, as internationally agreed
- Take urgent action to end poaching and trafficking of protected species of flora and fauna and address both demand and supply of illegal wildlife products
- By 2020, introduce measures to prevent the introduction and significantly reduce the impact of invasive alien species on land and water ecosystems and control or eradicate the priority species
- By 2020, integrate ecosystem and biodiversity values into national and local planning, development processes, poverty reduction strategies and accounts
- Mobilize and significantly increase financial resources from all sources to conserve and sustainably use biodiversity and ecosystems
- Mobilize significant resources from all sources and at all levels to finance sustainable forest management and provide adequate incentives to developing countries to advance such management, including for conservation and reforestation
- Enhance global support for efforts to combat poaching and trafficking of protected species, including by increasing the capacity of local communities to pursue sustainable livelihood opportunities
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